# 14.4 IEC 60870-5-103 Master The IEC 60870-5-103 protocol is a companion standard for the informative interface of protection equipment. Standard IEC 60870-5-103 was prepared by IEC technical committee 57 (Power system control and associated communications). It is a companion standard for the basic standards in series IEC 60870-5: Standard IEC 60870-5-103 defines communication between protection equipment and devices of a control system (supervisor or RTU) in a substation. Standard IEC 60870-5-103 defines a multipoint communication protocol via which information can be exchanged between a control system (supervisor or RTU) and one or more protection devices. The control system is the master and the protection devices are the slaves. Each slave is identified by a unique address between 1 and 254. Address 255 is reserved for broadcast frames. ### IEC 60870-5-103 Master ### Configuring datapoints WCC Lite supports IEC 60870-5-103 Master protocol over a serial link (according to EIA RS-485). Its full functionality list can be found in an IEC 60870-5-103 PID Interoperability List. To use IEC 60870-5-103 Master in WCC Lite, it has to be configured via an Excel configuration. This configuration contains two Excel sheets where parameters have to be filled in - Devices and Signals. ##### IEC 60870-­5-­103 parameters for Devices tab
**Parameter** **Type** **Description** **Required **Default value** (when not specified) **Range**
Min Max
name stringUser-friendly name for a device Yes
description stringDescription of a device No
device\_alias stringAlphanumeric string to identify a device Yes
enablebooleanEnabling/disabling of a device No101
protocolstringProtocol to be used Yes IEC 60870­-5-103 master
devicestring Communication port Yes PORT1 PORT2
baudrateintegerCommunication speed, baud/s No 9600 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200
databitsintegerData bit count for communication No 8 8
stopbitsintegerStop bit count for communication No 1 1 2
paritystring Communication parity option No none none, even, odd
flowcontrolstring Number of requests, before link is considered lost (device status signals are changed) and reconnect attempt will be issued No none none
link\_addressintegerDestination address when in transmit and source address when broadcastingYes 065535
asdu\_addressintegerApplication Service Data Unit addressYes 065535
time\_sync\_interval\_secintegerTime frame between Time Synchronization requests in secondsNo60
gi\_interval\_secintegerTime frame between General Interrogation requests in seconds, if 0 requests are disabledNo300
scan\_rate\_msintegerPolling interval in milliseconds. Time frame between two telegrams from master No100
timeout\_msintegerResponse timeout in milliseconds No 1000
serial\_delayintegerCommunication device’s serial delay in milliseconds. Time frame in which master station is not TX’ing after last RX byteNo50
retry\_countintegerNumber of retries of failed requests before announcing that device is in Error state No3
retry\_delay\_msintegerTime before the next retry in millisecondsNo500
##### IEC 60870­-5-­103 master parameters for Signals tab
**Parameter** **Type** **Description** **Required **Default value** (when not specified) **Range**
Min Max
signal\_name stringUser-friendly signal name Yes
device\_alias stringAlphanumeric string to identify a device Yes
signal\_alias stringUnique alphanumeric name of the signal to be Yes used Yes
source\_device\_alias stringdevice\_alias of a source device For commands
source\_signal\_alias stringsignal\_alias of a source signal For commands
enablebooleanEnabling/disabling of an individual signal No101
log integerAllow signal to be logged. If **log is 0 signal** will not be logged. If **log is more than 0** signal will be logged No0
gibooleanIncluding/excluding (1 or 0) signal from General InterrogationNo001
common\_addressintegerAddress of a destination deviceYes
functionintegerFunction numberNo0
info\_addressintegerInformation object addressYes
info\_numberintegerInformation numberYes
data\_typeintegerASDU type identificatorNo0
fleetingbooleanMark signal as fleeting type (1 or 0). Fleeting signals have go to DPI::OFF after defined timeNo 01
normalise\_time\_msintegerTime in milliseconds between station receiving DPI::ON and automatically switching to DPI::OFFIf fleeting is used 100
IEC 60870-5-103 has an additional signal which can be configured to show communication status. It is used to indicate if the slave device has disconnected from the master (WCC Lite). To configure such a signal, two columns should be filled with particular values. To a newly created additional signal, one should make **job\_todo** equal to device\_status and **tag\_job\_todo** equal to communication\_status. ### Debugging an IEC 60870-5-103 Master application If the configuration for IEC 60870-5-103 devices is set up, the handler for the protocol will start automatically. If a configuration is missing or contains errors, the protocol will not start. It is done intentionally to decrease unnecessary memory usage. If IEC 60870-5-103 does not work properly (e.g. no communication between devices, data is corrupted, etc.), a user can launch a debug session from the command-line interface and find out why the link is not functioning properly or use WCC Utility to do that. To launch a debugging session, a user should stop the iec103-master process and run the iec103-master command with respective flags. - Step 1: Service must be stopped by entering the following command into the wcclite: **/etc/init.d/iec103-­master stop** - Step 2: After service is stopped it must be started with the preferred configuration file (JSON files found in /etc/ folder) and a debug level 7: **iec103-­master ­-c /etc/iec103-master/iec103-­master.json -­d7** - Step 3: Once the problem is diagnosed normal operations can be resumed with the following command: **/etc/init.d/iec103-­master start** ##### IEC 60870-­5­-103 command line debugging options ``` -h [ –help ] Display help information -V [ –version ] Show version -d Set debugging level -c [ –config ] Config path -r [ –raw ] Show raw telegram data -f [ –frame ] Show frame data -R [ –readyfile ] Ready notification file ```