14.4 IEC 60870-5-103 Master The IEC 60870-5-103 protocol is a companion standard for the informative interface of protection equipment. Standard IEC 60870-5-103 was prepared by IEC technical committee 57 (Power system control and associated communications). It is a companion standard for the basic standards in series IEC 60870-5: Standard IEC 60870-5-103 defines communication between protection equipment and devices of a control system (supervisor or RTU) in a substation. Standard IEC 60870-5-103 defines a multipoint communication protocol via which information can be exchanged between a control system (supervisor or RTU) and one or more protection devices. The control system is the master and the protection devices are the slaves. Each slave is identified by a unique address between 1 and 254. Address 255 is reserved for broadcast frames. IEC 60870-5-103 Master Configuring datapoints WCC Lite supports IEC 60870-5-103 Master protocol over a serial link (according to EIA RS-485). Its full functionality list can be found in an IEC 60870-5-103 PID Interoperability List. To use IEC 60870-5-103 Master in WCC Lite, it has to be configured via an Excel configuration. This configuration contains two Excel sheets where parameters have to be filled in - Devices and Signals. IEC 60870-­5-­103 parameters for Devices tab Parameter Type Description Required Default value (when not specified) Range Min Max name string User-friendly name for a device Yes description string Description of a device No device_alias string Alphanumeric string to identify a device Yes enable boolean Enabling/disabling of a device No 1 0 1 protocol string Protocol to be used Yes IEC 60870­-5-103 master device string Communication port Yes PORT1 PORT2 baudrate integer Communication speed (bauds/s) No 9600 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 databits integer Data bit count for communication No 8 8 stopbits integer Stop bit count for communication No 1 1 2 parity string Communication parity option No none none, even, odd flowcontrol string Number of requests, before link is considered lost (device status signals are changed) and reconnect attempt will be issued No none none link_address integer Destination address when in transmit and source address when broadcasting Yes 0 65535 asdu_address integer Application Service Data Unit address Yes 0 65535 time_sync_interval_sec integer Time frame between Time Synchronizationrequests in seconds No 60 gi_interval_sec integer Time frame between General Interrogation requests in seconds, if 0 requests are disabled Yes 300 scan_rate_ms integer Polling interval in milliseconds. Time frame between two telegrams from master No 100 timeout_ms integer Response timeout in milliseconds No 1000 serial_delay integer Communication device’s serial delay in milliseconds. Time frame in which master station is not TX’ing after last RX byte No 50 retry_count integer Number of retries of failed requests before announcing that device is in Error state No 3 retry_delay_ms integer Time before the next retry in milliseconds No 500 IEC 60870­-5-­103 master parameters for Signals tab Parameter Type Description Required Default value (when not specified) Range Min Max signal_name string User-friendly signal name Yes device_alias string Alphanumeric string to identify a device Yes signal_alias string Unique alphanumeric name of the signal to be Yes used Yes source_device_alias string device_alias of a source device For commands source_signal_alias string signal_alias of a source signal Forcommands enable boolean Enabling/disabling of an individual signal No 1 0 1 log integer Allow signal to be logged. If log is 0 signal will not be logged. If log is more than 0 signal will be logged No 0 gi boolean Including/excluding (1 or 0) signal from General Interrogation No 0 0 1 common_address integer Address of a destination device Yes function integer Function number No 0 info_address integer Information object address Yes info_number integer Information number Yes data_type integer ASDU type identifier No 0 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 20 fleeting boolean Mark signal as fleeting type (1 or 0). Fleeting signals have go to DPI::OFF after defined time No 0 1 normalise_time_ms integer Time in milliseconds between station receiving DPI::ON and automatically switching to DPI::OFF If fleeting is used 100 Device status signals IEC 60870-­5-­103 has an additional signal which can be configured to show communication status. It is used to indicate if the slave device has disconnected from master (WCC Lite). To configure such signal for IEC 60870-­5-­103 protocol, job_todo and tag_job_todo fields with string values are required. For IEC 60870-­5-­103 master required parameters for status signal will be: signal_name device_alias, signal_alias, common_address, info_address, info_number, job_todo and tag_job_todo. Job_todo value must be device_status and for tag_job_todo there are 4 variations: communication_status, device_running, device_error, uknown_error. Each signal has 4 possible values and are based on the same logic. If signal returns value of 0, it means unknown error has appeared, 1 – device or protocol connection is on and working properly, 2 – device is off or protocol is disconnected, 3 – error or service is down. Debugging an IEC 60870-5-103 Master application If the configuration for IEC 60870-5-103 devices is set up, the handler for the protocol will start automatically. If a configuration is missing parameters or contains errors, the protocol will not start. It is done intentionally to decrease unnecessary memory usage. If IEC 60870-5-103 does not work properly (e.g. no communication between devices, data is corrupted, etc.), a user can launch a debug session from the command-line interface and find out why the link is not functioning properly or use WCC Utility to do that. To launch a debugging session, a user should stop the iec103-master process and run the iec103-master command with respective flags. Step 1: Service must be stopped by entering the following command into the WCC Lite:/etc/init.d/iec103-­master stop Step 2: After service is stopped it must be started with the preferred configuration file (JSONfiles found in /etc/ folder) and a debug level 7:  iec103-­master ­-c /etc/iec103-master/iec103-­master.json -­d7 Step 3: Once the problem is diagnosed normal operations can be resumed with the following command: /etc/init.d/iec103-­master start IEC 60870-­5­-103 command line debugging options -h [ –help ] Display help information -V [ –version ] Show version -d Set debugging level -c [ –config ] Config path -r [ –raw ] Show raw telegram data -f [ –frame ] Show frame data -R [ –readyfile ] Ready notification file